Randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of universal and fifth generation adhesives in restored fractured anterior teeth of children aged 8-16years

Globally, traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are common in children and on the increase. Most times, the treatment of enamel-dentine fractured anterior teeth involves the use of composite resin with the etch-and-rinse adhesive system. However, due to the multiple steps and time taken in etching, rinsing and drying, this system is considered to be easily prone to error. The quest for adhesives systems that are more user-friendly and less technique -sensitive has led to the development of the novel universal adhesive. However, there is a gap in the literature on their use in restoration of fractured anterior teeth.Specific Objectives1. To evaluate the efficacy of a fifth-generation adhesive system, 3M ESPE Adper Single Bond 2 (St Paul MN USA) in direct composite restoration of enamel-dentine fractured permanent maxillary incisors by assessing the retention, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, presence of caries, and postoperative sensitivity of the composite restoration, in children aged 8 to 16years. 2. To evaluate the efficacyof the universal adhesive system, 3M ESPE Scotchbond Single Bond (Neuss Germany) in direct composite restoration of enamel-dentine fractured permanent maxillary incisors by assessing the retention, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, presence of caries, and postoperative sensitivity of the composite restoration, in children aged 8 to 16years. 3. To compare the clinical efficacy of the fifth-generation adhesive, 3M ESPE Adper Single Bond 2 (St Paul MN USA) and the universal adhesive, 3M ESPE Scotchbond Single Bond (Neuss Germany) in direct composite restoration of permanent maxillary incisors with enamel-dentine fracture in children aged 8 to 16years.