Neurocognitive Impairment After Ischemic Stroke

evolution of neurocognitive disorders (trajectories of global cognitive efficiency) over 1 year after stroke

Affecting more than 150,000 patients in France, stroke is a major public health issue and a
 leading cause of disability worldwide. In western countries, 80-85% of strokes are of
 ischemic subtype. This study will focus on young adults, aged 18-45, with a diagnosis of
 ischemic stroke.
 
 Studies assessing post-stroke cognition in young patients reported an alarming prevalence of
 cognitive impairment, affecting about 60% of stroke survivors between 4 and 12 months after
 the acute event. However, longitudinal data on neurocognitive trajectories (i.e., the
 evolution of cognitive impairment over time) in young patients with ischemic stroke are
 lacking. Collecting such data requires an exhaustive neuropsychological assessment and
 several functional evaluations, at different times, for the same patient.
 
 Repeated neurocognitive study of young patients with ischemic stroke will enable: a
 description of the prevalence of impaired global cognitive efficiency, an analysis of the
 specific neurocognitive domains affected, and the tracing of trajectories of recovery from
 cognitive impairment over time, in terms of global cognitive efficiency and as a function of
 specific neurocognitive domains (memory, executive, attentional, social cognition,
 instrumental functions, fatigability, etc.).
 
 Up to date, the clinic-radiological predictors and associated factors of neurocognitive
 impairment after ischemic stroke in young patients have not been studied. Ischemic stroke
 causes acute brain lesions of the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM). Numerous studies
 suggest that cognitive health may be more closely linked to the integrity of WM than to GM.
 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in particular diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequences,
 analyze WM bundles. By using fiber tracking algorithms image analysis enable the WM fiber
 bundle reconstruction and allow quantifying the volume of lesions (pre-existing and ischemic
 stroke-induced) in the WM tract.
 
 The aim of this study is to study whether the extension of pre-existing and acute white
 matter lesions is associated with poorer cognitive recovery after ischemic stroke, both in
 terms of global cognitive performance and impairment in specific neurocognitive domains.